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there are a number of factors that all contribute, with a single turbo one of the big benefits is the reduction in exhaust back-pressure, so its less restrictive and free'r flowing for the hot exhaust gas, this in turn creates a great deal less exhaust pressure and crucially less heat, so less heat conducted into the intake side, the intake air is more dense at a lower temperature, so cylinder filling is far more efficient and you can perform the same amount of engine work at a lower crankshaft RPM.......really the holy grail of saving fuel is reducing the cranks rpm.......friction increases at the square of rotary speed.........the only bummer being a single turbo is quite laggy, but that can be dealt with by a number of anti-lag tricks and technologies now commonly available.
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